Which factor is associated with dystocia?

• A. A full bladder
• B. Dystocia
• C. Fetal tachycardia
• D. Hypertensive pregnancy

Answer: (A)

Dystocia means abnormally slow or difficult labor, often from mechanical factors that hinder the fetus from descending and the cervix from dilating. A full bladder contributes because it occupies pelvic space and pushes the uterus upward, which can impede fetal head engagement, rotation, and descent. This mechanical interference can prolong labor and increase the chance of arrest in labor progress. Emptying the bladder helps restore space in the pelvis and often allows labor to progress more smoothly.

Fetal tachycardia indicates fetal distress rather than a cause of slow labor, and hypertensive pregnancy can complicate labor management but isn’t a direct mechanical contributor to dystocia.